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31.
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In September 1983, Richard Matthew Stallman, former programmer at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab launched the GNU project to create a free UNIX-like operating system (OS). He was concerned with growth in proprietary software and users' inability to access and modify programmes on their computers. Developer constraint, as opposed to freedom was prevalent. With the launch of the GNU project, Stallman started the Free Software Movement and in October 1985, set up the Free Software Foundation.
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En septiembre de 1983, Richard Matthew Stallman, programador en el Laboratorio de Inteligencia Artificial del MIT puso en marcha el proyecto GNU para crear un Unix libre, como el sistema operativo (SO). Estaba preocupado por el crecimiento en el software propietario y la incapacidad de los usuarios a acceder y modificar los programas en sus computadoras. La restricción del desarrollador, en contraposición a la libertad prevaleció. Con el lanzamiento del proyecto GNU, Stallman inició el movimiento del software libre y en octubre de 1985, creó la Free Software Foundation.
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Translated by
Victor Herrero
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Reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:95(para)
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32.
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Stallman pioneered the definition and characteristics of open source software and the concept of copyleft. He is the main author of several copyleft licenses, including the GNU General Public License (GPL), which is the most widely used free software license.
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Stallman, pionero en la definición y características de software de código abierto y el concepto de copia libre. Él es el autor principal de varias licencias copia libre, como la Licencia Pública General GNU (GPL), que es el más ampliamente utilizado de licencia de software libre.
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Translated by
Victor Herrero
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Reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:104(para)
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33.
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Nice to Know:
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Es bueno saber:
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Translated and reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:110(title) chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:140(emphasis) chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:158(title) chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:227(title) chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:332(title)
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34.
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For more information on Richard Stallman and the GNU project, refer to the following URL: <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_stallman">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_stallman</ulink>.
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Para más información de Richard Stallman y el proyecto GNU, consulte la siguiente URL: <ulink url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_stallman">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_stallman</ulink>.
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Translated by
Victor Herrero
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Reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:111(para)
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35.
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By 1991, a number of GNU tools, including the powerful GNU compiler collection (GCC), had been created. However, a free kernel was not yet available to build a free OS that would use these tools.
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En 1991, se habían creado una serie de herramientas GNU, incluyendo la recopilación de un potente compilador de GNU (GCC). Sin embargo, un núcleo libre aún no estaba disponible para construir un sistema operativo libre que utilizan estas herramientas.
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Translated and reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:115(para)
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36.
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The Open Source Movement and Linux
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El movimiento del código abierto y Linux
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Translated and reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:121(title)
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37.
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The difference between free software and open source can be defined as the difference between a social movement (free software) and a development methodology (open source). Linux refers to the kernel, or the backbones of the open source architecture.
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La diferencia entre el software libre y de código abierto puede ser definido como la diferencia entre un movimiento social (software libre) y una metodología de desarrollo (código abierto). Linux hace referencia al núcleo, o la columna vertebral de la arquitectura de código abierto.
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Translated and reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:122(para)
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38.
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In August 1991, Linus Benedict Torvalds, a Finnish second-year student of computer science at the University of Helsinki, started working on Minix.
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En agosto de 1991, Linus Benedict Torvalds, un finlandés estudiante de segundo año de ciencias de la computación en la Universidad de Helsinki, comenzó a trabajar en Minix.
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Translated by
Victor Herrero
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Reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:127(para)
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39.
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Linus Benedict Torvalds
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Linus Benedict Torvalds
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Translated and reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:131(title)
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40.
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Minix is a UNIX-like OS built with open source code that Prof. Andrew S. Tanenbaum created with the intention to teach his students the internal processes of an OS.
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Minix es un SO similar a UNIX construido con código abierto que el Prof. Andrew S. Tanenbaum creó con la intención de enseñar a sus estudiantes los procesos internos de un SO.
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Translated and reviewed by
Paco Molinero
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Located in
chapter1/po/xinclude.xml:142(para)
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