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151.

The Qt Toolkit

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http://qt.nokia.com

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<application>Qt</application>'s latest version is 4.8, but it is usually referred to as "<application>Qt</application> 4" to avoid confusion with the previous major release, <application>Qt</application> 3. The <trademark>KDE</trademark> 3.5.x desktop was built using <application>Qt</application> 3 and the <trademark>KDE</trademark> 4.x desktop was built using <application>Qt</application> 4. The two versions are not compatible, and a tool is provided to migrate applications built with <application>Qt</application> 3 to <application>Qt</application> 4. Some classes, methods, and properties in <application>Qt</application> 3, however, were not carried forward into <application>Qt</application> 4, and those will have to be replaced using existing <application>Qt</application> 4 objects.

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On February 11, 2011, <trademark>Nokia</trademark> announced a <quote>partnership</quote> with <trademark>Microsoft</trademark> in which <trademark>Nokia</trademark> will replace <trademark>Symbian</trademark> with <trademark>Windows Phone 7</trademark> in wealthy American and European markets, but continue to use <trademark>Symbian</trademark> in India and other poorer regions. Because of a huge outcry by <application>Qt</application> and open source supporters who contributed to <trademark>Symbian</trademark>, <trademark>Meego</trademark>, and <trademark>Maemo</trademark>, <trademark>Nokia</trademark> released a <ulink url="http://blog.qt.nokia.com/2011/02/12/nokia-new-strategic-direction-what-is-the-future-for-qt"> blog message</ulink> the next day. It seems they need <application>Qt</application> in order to continue to support <trademark>Symbian</trademark> on the 200 million <trademark>Nokia</trademark> phones that run it, and <trademark>MeeGo</trademark> and <trademark>Maemo</trademark> for a <quote>disruptive</quote> presence in the markets for which they are being offered. But, the partnership puts the commercial version of <application>Qt</application> in a questionable light due to the influence of <trademark>Microsoft</trademark> and the history of its partnership with <trademark>Novell</trademark> and others which no longer exist.

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The <application>Qt</application> (pronounced <quote>cute</quote>) toolkit includes three major components, plus the <application>QtCreator</application><acronym>IDE</acronym> and the <application>Qt</application>- <acronym>SDK</acronym>. They are produced by <trademark>Nokia</trademark>, which purchased <application>Qt</application> from the original developer, <trademark>Trolltech</trademark> so that <trademark>Nokia</trademark> could use <application>Qt</application> to develop their mobile phone <acronym>OS</acronym>, <trademark>Symbian</trademark>. They also use <application>Qt</application> to support <trademark>MeeGo</trademark>, an open source <trademark>Linux</trademark> project which brings together the <trademark>Moblin</trademark> project, headed up by <trademark>Intel</trademark>, and <trademark>Maemo</trademark>, by <trademark>Nokia</trademark>, into a single open source activity. <trademark>Nokia</trademark> states that <quote><trademark>MeeGo</trademark> integrates the experience and skills of two significant development ecosystems, versed in communications and computing technologies. The <trademark>MeeGo</trademark> project believes these two pillars form the technical foundations for next generation platforms and usages in the mobile and device platforms space. <trademark>MeeGo</trademark> currently targets platforms such as netbooks/entry-level desktops, hand held computing and communications devices, in-vehicle infotainment devices, connected <acronym>TV</acronym>s, and media phones.</quote><placeholder-1/>

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<application>Qt</application>'s three major components are the Designer, the Linguist and the Application Programming Interface (<acronym>API</acronym>). The <application>Qt</application> toolkit allows you to write source code for advanced applications with graphical user interfaces on either <trademark>Linux</trademark>, <trademark>Windows</trademark>, or <trademark>Mac</trademark>. It compiles them on all three platforms and embedded operating systems with little or no rewriting of the source code, saving time and development costs.

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Since the <application>Qt</application> Toolkit is under the <trademark>GPL</trademark>/<trademark>LGPL</trademark>, it is not threatened by this partnership, and <trademark>Canonical</trademark> announced that they are going to use <application>Qt</application> instead of <trademark>GNOME</trademark> to develop their <trademark>Unity</trademark> 2D desktop. So, considering that, and the fact that <application>Qt</application> is under the <trademark>GPL</trademark>/<trademark>LGPL</trademark> license, <application>Qt</application> remains as viable a development tool as it was before the announcement.

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<phrase>Kubuntu</phrase> uses the <trademark>KDE</trademark> desktop, and <trademark>KDE</trademark> was built with <application>Qt</application>. Some would say that <application>Qt</application> is the most powerful <acronym>GUI RAD</acronym> tool available on <trademark>Linux</trademark>, and <trademark>Windows</trademark> as well.

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Installation of <application>Qt</application>

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The entire <application>Qt</application> toolkit is in the repository as qt-sdk or as part of the <application>Qt</application><acronym>SDK</acronym> available from the <ulink url="http://qt.nokia.com/downloads">http://qt.nokia.com/downloads</ulink> website under either the <trademark>LGPL</trademark> or a commercial license. The latest version is 1.2 and is available from <trademark>Nokia</trademark> in either the <ulink url="http://qt.nokia.com/downloads/sdk-linux-x11-32bit-cpp"> 32 bit</ulink> or <ulink url="http://qt.nokia.com/downloads/sdk-linux-x11-64bit-cpp">64 bit</ulink> version. Each includes the <application>QtCreator</application>, the Designer, the Assistant (<acronym>API</acronym>), the Linguist, and all the necessary libraries and utilities. <application>Qt</application><acronym>SDK</acronym> can be installed in the user's home account and used to create applications regardless of which version of <application>Qt</application> libraries the <trademark>KDE</trademark> desktop requires, because the <acronym>SDK</acronym> startup script sets the shell environment to point to the <acronym>SDK</acronym> libraries.